摘 要:矢量控制技術以其寬調速范圍和優異的動、靜態響應性能等優勢成為目前電力拖動系統首選的高效能控制策略。本文采用基于模型的最小損耗控制方法,通過控制損耗函數中的某個變量,來減小電機的鐵損,使銅損與鐵損之間達到平衡狀態,實現異步電機在輕載穩態時的效率最優。仿真結果表明,此方法的控制速度快,穩定性能好,且不需要增加任何硬件投資。
關鍵詞:異步電機; 矢量控制; 效率優化; 最小損耗控制
Abstract: The vector control technology, with the advantages of a wide velocity-adjusting range and dynamic and static response quality, has become the top choice for the high-efficiency control in the current electricity-powered system. The dynamic mathematic model founded on the synchronous rotating coordination was induced with the consideration of core loss, based on which, a minimum control method based on model was applied (that is, controlling a variable in the waste function) to reduce the core loss of motor and balance the core loss and copper loss, then, the optimal efficiency of the induction motor under the partial load and stable status was realized. Simulation results show that this method can achieve high control velocity and good stability without increasing costs.
Key words: induction motor; vector control; efficiency optimization; loss minimization controller
1 引言
異步電機憑借自身的諸多優點,已漸漸取代了直流機,被廣泛應用于眾多領域[1]。在我國,異步電機的用電量占全國總用電量的60%,拖動著90%以上的以電力為能源的運動機械。因此,研究異步電機的節能技術,提高其運行效率,對節約能源和控制環境污染都具有重大的現實意義[2]。
矢量控制是一種先進的、高性能的電機調速手段,為異步電機的節能損耗起到了積極作用。標準的矢量控制方法在恒轉矩調速范圍內采取恒磁通控制策略,然而在輕載時,系統運行在額定磁通必然會引起過度的鐵芯損耗,導致電機效率的降低,也就是說性能卓越的矢量控制變頻驅動系統在效率方面并不是最優的[3,4]。
如果矢量控制結合效率最優原則,則可有效擴展異步電機的高效運行范圍[5]。本文采用基于模型的最小損耗控制(LMC)對矢量控制異步電機在輕載穩態時的效率優化問題進行了深入研究。
詳情請點擊:
基于模型的矢量控制異步電機效率優化控制研究